ESTAR / TO BE



ESTAR / TO BE
Estar is used to express location, transitory aspects, and characteristics that are NOT inherant property of a noun, such as how something/someone looks, feels or tastes at a given moment.
Pronoun
Present
Past
Future
Conditional
yo/ I
tú/ you
él, ella, Ud./ he, she, you
nos./ we
vos./you
ellos, Uds./ they, you
1. Location or position of people and things.
EXAMPLES
·         El restaurante está en la esquina./ The restaurant is at the corner.
·         Los inversores estarán en Venezuela./ The investors will be in Venezuela.


 
2. Transitory, unusual, recently changed or constantly changing state or condition.
EXAMPLES
·         Pablo estuvo enfermo./ Pablo was sick.
·         El café está frío./ The coffee is cold.


 
3. Results of an action.
EXAMPLE
·         Nuestros problemas estarán resueltos pronto./ Our problems will be solved soon.


 
4. State or condition of a subject.
EXAMPLE
·         El rehén está vivo./ The hostage is alive.


 
5. Progressive tenses.
EXAMPLE
·         El lunes estaremos celebrando nuestro triunfo./ On Monday we'll be celebrating our triumph.


 
6. Weather expressions.
EXAMPLE
·         Está lloviendo./ It's raining.
 

IDIOMATIC EXPRESSIONS
·         Estar acostumbrado/ to be accustomed to
·         Estar conforme/ to be satisfied, in agreement
·         Estar de acuerdo/ to be in agreement
·         Estar de buen (mal) humor/ to be in a good (bad) mood
·         Estar apurado (a)/ to be in a hurry
·         Estar de vacaciones/ to be on vacation
·         Estar de vuelta/ to be back
·         Estar listo (a)/ to be ready
·         Estar de moda/ to be in fashion
·         Estar de viaje/ to be on a trip
·         Estar embarazada/ to be pregnant
·         Estar de rodillas/ to be kneeling
PREGUNTAS/ QUESTIONS
In Spanish there are 3 ways of asking a question to elicit a yes or no answer, and they are the following:
1. Verb + pronoun ...Unlike English, the auxiliaries do and does are not used.
·         ¿Quieren ustedes aprender español?/ Do you want to learn Spanish?
 

NOTE: That interrogative questions have an opening (¿) question mark and also a closing one (?).
 

2. Pronoun + verb...The intonation makes the sentence interrogative.
·         ¿Ustedes quieren aprender español?/ Do you want to learn Spanish?
 

3. Verb +...+ pronoun. The pronoun goes last.
·         ¿Quieren aprender español ustedes?/ Do you want to learn Spanish?
 

PALABRAS INTERROGATIVAS/ INTERROGATIVE WORDS
NOTE: These words are ALWAYS graphically accentuated, whether they are used to formulate a direct or indirect question.
·         ¿Qué hora es?/ What time is it? (direct)
·         Dime qué hora es./ Tell me what time it is. (indirect)
What time...?
Where?
From where?
Which direction?
To where?
How?
Which one/-s?
When?
How much?
How many?
What?
For what reason?
Why?
Who?
To whom?
For whom
Whose?

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